对外汉语同音名量词偏误类型和教学策略--以“棵、颗”和“只、支、枝”为例

摘要

Quantifier is a key and difficult point in Teaching Chinese as Foreign Language (TCFL)and the foreign students are likely to make mistake in using homonymous noun quantifiers“棵、颗”and“只、支、枝”. Based on the analysis of types and causes of the errors in foreign students’ learning,the differences in literal,semantic and collocated usage and the difficulties in teaching of above homonymous noun quantifiers,a phased teaching strategy of homonymous noun quantifiers is suggested in practical TCFL.%量词历来是对外汉语教学的重点和难点，由于“棵、颗”和“只、支、枝”是两对同音名量词，留学生在使用时很容易出现偏误。通过分析留学生使用“棵、颗”和“只、支、枝”出现的偏误类型及产生偏误的原因，从字义、语义特征和搭配对象等方面的不同解释两对同音名量词之间的差异，考虑学习的难易程度，提出具体的分阶段同音名量词教学策略，以期能够对对外汉语教学实践提供一些帮助。