非物质文化遗产视域下的文化传统与文化记忆--兼论广西田阳布洛陀文化的重构

摘要

21世纪初至今的十余年中，非物质文化遗产成为重要的学术名词。它的出现不仅为民俗学等学科提供了新的学术平台，而且改变了民间文化的边缘或民间性质，它为民间文化（含民间信仰）提供了国家话语转换的空间，影响并重构了各民族各地域文化传统与文化记忆。广西田阳布洛陀文化的重构可以说是典型个案。2004年百色市布洛陀民俗文化旅游节举办以来，以敢壮山布洛陀遗址为基点，逐步完成了布洛陀信仰的重建。这一文化重建是在国家主导的非物质文化遗产保护中，学者、地方政府、民众所形成的三股力量合力所致。在广西田阳布洛陀文化重构的个案中，呈现了不同力量在文化保护中的作用与意义，学者、政府、民俗精英与普通民众，共同合力完成了文化重构活动，这可以为当下非物质文化遗产保护提供一些可资借鉴的经验。%From the beginning of the 21st century up to now,Intangible Cultural Heritage become an important academic term. It not only provides a new academic platform for folklore,and changes the nature of the edge of the folk culture or the folk,and it provides national discourse space folk culture(including folk beliefs). In addition,it also affects and reconstructs the regional culture of each ethnic tradition and cultural memory. Tianyang in Guangxi Buluotuo culture’s reconstruction is a typical case. Since 2004 Baise Buluotuo Folk Cultural Tourism Festival,based on Ganzhuang Mountain Buluotuo Site,it has finished the reconstruction of Buluotuo faith gradually. The cultural reconstruction is dominant in the country non-material cultural heritage protection ,which is formed by the scholars,local governments,public force caused by the three forces. In Tian Yang Buluotuo case of cultural reconstruction,presents a different force in the role of cultural preservation and meaning,academics,government,folk elite and common people,joint together to complete the cultural reconstruction,this can be for the intangible cultural heritage protection to provide some experience for reference.