清代至民国时期，宗族势力参与契约文书最主要、最直接的表现，就是在个人签订各种契约文书的过程中，往往需要得到宗族的认可或批准。在土地等财产的流转过程中，宗族势力或直接成为交易行为的主导者，利用说合中人和亲邻的角色施加影响，参与并直接影响交易过程；或是作为宗族财产的支配者对众存产业进行管理，参与家产的处分；或是作为交易行为的见证者，以见卖人、在场人的身份行使知情权和监督权，对交易过程施以间接影响。%From Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, it is the most important and direct manifestation to get the approval or permission from the clan for the clan force participation in contractual documents in the process of personal contract documents signing. In the course of transferring land and other properties, the clan force becomes the dominant power of transaction behavior directly, which exerts influence in exploiting the middleman and neighbors to participate in and affect the transaction process directly; Or as the dominator of clan property, it manages the public property, participates in the disposition of family properties;Or as the witness of transaction behavior, it exercises the rights to know, supervise and affect the trading process indirectly.
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