类型思维下侵害公共法益行为的可防卫性研究

摘要

Different countries have different legislations and theoretical controversies to whether the defense of the simple violation of public legitimate interests can be implemented.The fact that the individual legitimate interests or legal order are/is protected strictly by the state in accordance with the statutory procedures is the inevitable result of the monopolistic thought of a legal order country.When the simple public interests have suffered from illegal infringement,they should first be protected by the state and the individual may not exercise the right of defense in principle.The only case that allows individuals to implement justifiable defense is when the public interests and personal interests have both suffered from the illegal acts or when the simple public interests are in immediate danger that is too late to seek national relief.%针对单纯侵害公共法益的行为能否实施正当防卫，不同国家不仅立法上存在差异，理论上也存在争议。由于个人法益或法秩序由国家依照法定程序进行严格保护是法秩序国家垄断思想的必然结果，所以，当单纯公共法益遭受不法侵害时，原则上首先应由国家给予保护，个人不得行使防卫权利。只有当不法行为侵害公共法益的同时也侵害了个人法益，或公共法益确实面临急迫危险，来不及寻求国家救济时，才例外允许个人实施正当防卫。