伏牛山国家级自然保护区森林生态系统草本优势种空间分布格局

摘要

Through the vegetation surveys of different altitudes herbs,we study the herbaceous dominant species' spatial distribution pattern and its dynamics.The results showed that:the dominant species are mostly aggregated distribution,such as Carex lanceolata,Miscanthus sinensis,Pteridium aquilinum and Dendranthema indicum ; Sedum kamtschaticum is randomly distributed,Atractylodes lancea and Syneilesis aconitifolia are evenly distributed.From the early to late-successional succession,aggregated distribution of multi-species in the same community is increasing.The value of spatial distribution pattern is increasing,and only a few species' spatial pattern types are changed,with Kummerowia striata and Artemisia argyi changed from aggregated distribution to even distribution.The sensitivity of herbaceous plants to environmental changes is strong,making them indicating the environmental changes.%对伏牛山国家级自然保护区不同海拔梯度林下草本植被进行了调查,研究不同演替阶段草本优势种的空间分布格局及其动态变化.运用扩散系数、聚集指数、平均拥挤度、聚块性指数、Green指数等指标进行统计分析.结果表明,草本优势种多呈聚集分布,如羊胡子草(Carex lanceolata)、芒(Miscanthus sinensis)、蕨(Pteridium aquilinum)和野菊花(Dendranthema indicum)等,呈随机分布的只有费菜(Sedum kamtschaticum),呈均匀分布的是苍术(Atractylodes lancea)和兔儿伞(Syneilesis aconitifolia).从演替初期到演替后期,呈聚集分布的优势种增多,大部分种群的空间分布格局指数的数值成倍地增加,有少数种群的空间格局类型发生了改变,如掐不齐(Kummerowia striata)和蒿(Artemisia argyi)从聚集分布变为随机分布.这些种群分布格局的变化,可能是群落稳定的一种外在表现.草本植物对环境变化的敏感性较强,对环境变动的响应有较明显的指示作用.