喀斯特地区烟田土壤有效态微量元素的空间变异特征——以贵州省毕节地区为例

摘要

The spatial heterogeneity of soil microelements in Krast tobacco-growing areas of Bijie in Guizhou province was studied via the geostatistics method combined with GIS. Statistics analysis showed that variation coefficient of soil microelements ranged between 45. 75% and 82. 45 %, which showed moderate variation. Linear model fitted best for available Cu, Zn and Fcand exponential model fitted best for Mn,B and Mo. By analysis of ratios of nugget to sill[C0/(C0 +C)], all the microelement variables showed moderate spatial autocorrelation affected by both structural and random factors, such as soil parent materials,topography and climate,fertilization, field management, and so on. According to the spatial distribution maps of soil microelement nutrients,the distribution of available Fe was continuous, but not for other microelements.%以典型的喀斯特地区——贵州省毕节地区为研究区域,采用地统计学和地理信息系统(GIS)相结合的方法,对烟田土壤中有效态微量元素Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、B和Mo含量的空间变异特征进行研究.结果表明,烟田土壤中各微量元素的变异系数在45.75％～82.45％,均属于中等变异.半方差函数分析表明,烟田土壤微量元素中Cu、Zn、Fe的最适模型是线性模型,而Mn、B和Mo的最适模型为指数模型;各微量元素的块基比[C0/(C0 +C)]均在25％～75％,表现为中等空间相关性,其空间变异受结构性因素(土壤母质、地形地貌、气候)和随机性因素(施肥、耕作措施、工业污染等)的共同影响.烟田土壤微量元素的空间分布表明,除有效铁含量分布呈现连续空间分布特点外,其他几种微量元素的空间分布并未呈现明显的分布规律.