防治草莓主要真菌病害水分散性粒剂的研究

摘要

For the major fungal diseases of strawberries,this study created biological source water-dispersible granules with antagonistic bacteria 32 fermentation liquid as an active ingredient, determined the formula and made the test of control effect. The types of wetting agent, dispersing agent,suspending agent, and disintegrating agent were firstly determined, and then the best dosage. The optimum formulation was as follows: antagonistic bacteria 32 fermentation liquid (active ingredient) ,3% lignin (wetting agent), 4% alkyl naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate (dispersant) ,12% calcium chloride (disintegrant), 2% gelatin(binder) , and diatomaceous earth (packing). Quality inspection showed that the product had good dispersion property, with the wetting time of 27 s,the suspension rate of 87%,and the disintegrating time of 62 s. The indicators are in line with the requirements of water dispersible granules. The antagonistic bacteria 32 water-dispersible granules can be used for preventing strawberries from the major fungal diseases, such as gray mold, powdery mildew, and anthracnose. It not only has good quick result, but also can last a long time. The control efficacy is significant 7 days after treatment, with the 200-fold diluent over 80 % and the persisting period over 14 days. So it can be used in the agricultural production as extended germicides.%针对草莓主要真菌病害,以拮抗菌32发酵液为有效成分,创制生物源水分散性粒剂,确定配方并且进行田间防效试验.先选定润湿剂、分散剂、崩解剂、黏结剂的种类,再选择最佳用量,最后确定最佳剂型配方为:有效成分为沈阳农业大学农药实验室筛选的拮抗菌32发酵液;润湿剂为3％木质素;分散剂为4％烷基萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物;崩解剂为12％氯化钙;黏结剂为2％明胶;填料为硅藻土.对所创制的剂型进行质量检验,结果表明产品分散性能好,润湿时间为27 s,悬浮率为87％,崩解时间为62 s,各项指标均符合水分散性粒剂的要求.拮抗菌32水分散性粒剂具有防治草莓灰霉病、白粉病、炭疽病等主要真菌病害的作用,且具有良好的速效性和持效性,施药后7d防效显著,稀释200倍时防效在80％以上,其持效期可达14d以上,因此,研制的水分散性粒剂可以在生产上推广使用.