紫云英配施不同量化肥对水稻产量及经济效益的影响

摘要

A field experiment was carried out at Xinyang in 2008-2010 to study the effect of combined application of Astragalus sinicus with different amount of chemical fertilizer on rice growth,yield and economic efficiency.The experiment included six treatments:no fertilizer (CK),only application of chemical fertilizer(OACF),combined application of Astragalus sinicus manure (ASM,22 500 kg/ha) with 100％,80％,60％ or 40％ of locally traditional chemical fertilizer.Results showed that the yield of combined application of ASM with 60％ chemical fertilizer was the highest in 2008,9 540 kg/ha,increased by 18.2％ compared with CK;the second was ASM with 80％ chemical fertilizer,9 315 kg/ha,increased by 15.4％ compared with CK.In the year of 2009,the yield of combined application of ASM with 80％ chemical fertilizer was the highest,9424.5 kg/ha,increased significantly by 39.6％ compared with CK.In the year of 2010,the yield of combined application of ASM with 100％ chemical fertilizer was the highest,and the second was ASM with 80％ chemical fertilizer.The net income was higher under combined application of ASM with 80 ％,60 ％ and 40 ％ chemical fertilizer than OACF and CK.From the view point of rice yield,net income,ratio of outputs to inputs and the environment,the combined application of ASM at 22 500 kg/ha with 60％ chemical fertilizer should be optimal in Xinyang.%为了研究紫云英配施不同量化肥对水稻产量及经济效益的影响,设置不施肥(CK),仅施100％化肥(即当地常规施肥量),紫云英(22500 kg/hm2)分别与当地常规施肥量的100％、80％、60％、40％配施6个处理,连续3 a进行田间小区试验.结果表明:2008年紫云英+60％化肥处理水稻产量最高,达到9540 kg/hm2,比CK增产18.2％；其次是紫云英+80％化肥处理,产量达到9315 kg/hm2,比CK增产15.4％.2009年紫云英+80％化肥处理水稻产量最高,达到9424.5 kg/hm2,比CK增产39.6％.2010年紫云英+100％化肥处理水稻产量最高,其次为紫云英+80％化肥处理.紫云英与80％、60％、40％化肥配施,其总净收入均高于仅施100％化肥处理和CK.从稻谷产量、净收入和产投比及环境友好性综合来看,紫云英(22500 kg/hm2)与当地常规施肥量的60％配施最优.