腾格里沙漠东南缘沙漠化对昆虫多样性的影响

摘要

In order to explore the effects of grassland desertification on insect diversity, insect species diversity in different desertification vegetation areas and its relation with environment were studied in the southeast edge of the Tengger desert.The results showed that the abundance, richness and diversity of insects gradually increased from sand area to sand steppe area.Fixing sand had the mixing species of sand and steppe,and it was the transitional region of insect species between desert steppe and sand,with much higher species diversity.The diversity index and richness of insects had significantly positive correlation with clay,silt,total N,organic matter,herb cover,richness of shrub and herb,herb biomass( P<0.05) and significantly negative correlation with sand and bulk density(P<0.05),the abundance of insects showed significantly positive correlation with clay,silt,total N,and organic matter(P<0.05),and significantly negative correlation with sand and bulk density(P<0.05).%为了明确草地沙漠化对昆虫多样性的影响，在腾格里沙漠东南缘研究了不同沙漠化植被区的昆虫物种多样性及其与环境的关系，结果表明，从流沙区到荒漠化草原，昆虫的多度、丰富度和多样性逐渐升高，固定沙丘拥有沙地和草原的混合类群，是荒漠化草原与沙地昆虫的过渡区，具有较高的物种多样性。昆虫的多样性指数和丰富度与土壤黏粒、粉粒、全氮、有机质、草本盖度、灌木丰富度、草本丰富度和草本生物量呈显著正相关（P ＜0．05），与土壤沙粒和容重呈显著负相关（P＜0．05）。昆虫的多度与土壤黏粒、粉粒、全氮、有机质呈显著正相关（P＜0．05），与土壤沙粒和容重呈显著负相关（P＜0．05）。