高速切削中数控铣床的刀具半径补偿功能的研究与应用

摘要

Radius compensation of cutting tool in CNC system is the more important function in NC milling machine. Using the left and right knife cutter compensation instructions,the parts are machined on the basis of contour dimension programming. Due to tool wear and replacement,NC code is not required to rewrite in order to simplify the programming greatly. This paper analyzed the judgment method of cutter radius compensation and studied the tool radius compensation function,and established the clear cutter compensation and the removal cutter compensation in CNC milling process. Taking the parts as an example,the tool radius compensation mechanism and effect were demonstrated through the fine processing procedures and the punch parts of the program.%刀具半径补偿是数控系统中比较重要的功能，在数控铣床中采用左刀补和右刀补指令，只需按照被加工零件轮廓尺寸进行编程，由于刀具磨损、更换也不需重新编写NC代码，大大简化了编程。在阐述刀具半径补偿的基础上，分析了加工零件时刀补的判断方法，对刀具半径补偿功能进行了研究，明确了建立刀补和取消刀补的过程，并以数控铣床加工零件为实例，通过编写粗精加工程序和凸凹模零件程序，论证刀具半径补偿功能的机理和作用。