凭单制购买工具的转换研究--基于江苏省购买农村转移劳动力就业服务个案的分析

摘要

The government purchasing social services in China is still in the exploration stage,however,how to choose the tool of purchasing is a problem that the local government has an urgent need to solve. The voucher system is a kind of policy tools of government purchasing social services,which can be classified into four secondary tools in accordance with two dimension,competition and payment;and the four secondary tools are respectively the single competition fairness voucher,the single competitive efficiency voucher,the double competition fairness voucher and the double competitive efficiency voucher. And those secondary voucher tools have their own applicable scope and specific conditions. Therefore,the employment service of rural migrant labors in Jiangsu province adopts the voucher system tools,and the conversion from the single competition fairness voucher to the single competitive efficiency voucher occurred as well. According to the characteristics and the transformation rules of the secondary voucher system tools in Jiangsu province,the government should strengthen the willingness and ability of consumers,enhance the science nature and openness of the voucher system,reinforce supervision and make social service organizations become the independent legal person and market entity,aiming to optimize the use of voucher system tools%政府购买社会服务在我国还处于探索阶段，如何选择购买服务的工具是地方政府迫切需要解决的问题。凭单制是一种政府购买社会服务政策工具，根据竞争性和支付方式两个分类维度，可分为四种次级工具，即单竞争性公平凭单、单竞争性效率凭单、双竞争性公平凭单和双竞争性效率凭单。不同种类的次级凭单工具有其特定的适用范围和条件。江苏省购买农村转移劳动力就业服务使用的是凭单制的购买工具，并发生了从单竞争性公平凭单向单竞争性效率凭单的转换。应增强消费者选择的意愿和能力，增强凭单制设计的科学性与开放性，政府要加强监管，让社会服务组织成为独立法人和市场主体。