中山城山的学问与天文历算学

摘要

Nakayama Jozan was a Japanese Confucian in Sanuki and left many books. Several books about astronomy and calendar are in it. This article introduces the learning of Nakayama Jozan, and also talks about his achievements in astronomy and calendar. Jozan is not known very much now, but he was famous in Sanuki and was closely associated with the Confucians of Kyoto and Osaka during his lifetime. About the astronomy, he examined theLixiang Kaocheng Houbian(历象考成后编) which was the latest knowledge then as well as Shoushi-li(授时历) which was often studied in the Edo Period. In addition, he put Chinese traditional astronomical knowledge in order and proofread the Astronomical Chapter of the Huainanzi(淮南子·天文训) using his wide knowledge. It is thought that his studies were pushed forward based on the interchange with people of Osaka and Kyoto.%赞岐的儒者中山城山剩下了多的著作。其中有关天文历法的几篇著作。拙文在介绍中山城山的学問的同时，就其天文历算学的成果一并加以考察。不用说在江户时期被广泛研究过的授时历，就连当时最前卫的知识的代表《历象考成后编》也得手并亲自进行了历法推算。还有，城山整理了传统的中国天文学方面的知识，应用和发挥自己的领域宽广的知识对《淮南子·天文训》进行了细致的校正和解释。我推测这些研究是在与大阪和京都的儒者们的交流中逐渐深化的。