Objective To investigate the correlations of bronchial tuberculosis with bronchial mucosal tissue pathology, clinical symptoms and chest radiograph demonstrating. Methods The clinical data of 360 cases were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent bronchoscopy and were suspected to have bronchial tuberculosis. Results There was more bronchial tuberculosis distribution among the patients ≤30 years of age,female,duration of disease > 3 months,positive sputum, shortness of breath, large chest lesions, pulmonary atelectasis, range of lesions ≥1/2 lobe area. Conclusion Patients who are young, female, with long course of disease, sputum positive, and large pulmonary lesions are more likely to suffer bronchial tuberculosis. And bronchoscopy can be applied for early diagnosis and early treatment to reduce the possibilities of disability and medical expenses of the patients.%目的 探讨支气管结核与病理、临床症状及胸部影像学表现的相关性.方法 对支气管镜下表现疑诊支气管结核且行支气管黏膜活检患者360例的病理、临床症状及胸部影像学表现进行回顾性分析.结果 年龄≤30岁、女性、病程＞3个月、痰菌阳性者、存在气短症状者、胸部X线片病灶为大片影、存在肺不张者、病灶范围≥1/2肺叶面积者支气管结核分布较多,且差异有统计学意义.结论 青年、女性、病程长、痰菌阳性及肺部病灶范围大者支气管结核比例高,对于此类患者应予以重视,提高警惕性,积极行支气管镜检查并取组织标本行病理学检查,以期早诊断,早治疗,从而降低患者因该病导致劳动能力下降或丧失的可能并降低患者的医疗负担.
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