应用品管圈提高骨科不同层级护士压疮风险评估准确率的效果观察

摘要

目的 探讨品管圈活动在提高骨科不同层级护士对住院患者压疮风险评估准确率中的应用效果.方法 在骨科住院患者中随机抽取品管圈活动干预前(2014年4—5月)与干预后(2014年8—9月)Braden压疮风险评分≤16分者各112例次,按照品管圈活动步骤,分析骨科护士压疮风险评估准确率低的原因,针对真因拟定对策并实施.结果 缺陷项目干预后明显少于干预前,干预后摩擦力/剪切力、感觉2项评估缺陷率较干预前明显降低,各个层级护士评估准确率较干预前明显提高,干预后各级护士压疮理论知识考试平均成绩优于干预前,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01).Ⅰ期压疮发生率由干预前的9例(8.04%)下降至干预后的2例(1.79%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 开展品管圈活动提高了骨科护士对住院患者压疮风险评估准确率,效果显著;有效提高了护士及患者预防压疮的意识,减少了压疮的发生.%Objective To explore the effect of quality control circle (QCC)in improving the accuracy of the risk assessment of pressure sores in hospitalized patients in different levels of orthopedic nurses.Methods We randomly selected 112 cases respectively from before the intervention of the QCC (Apri-May 2014 )and after the intervention (August-September 2014 ) from orthopedic hospitalized patients,who's Braden pressure sores risk score ≤ 16 points. According to the steps of quality control circle,the reasons for low risk assessment of pressure sore in department of orthopedics nurses were analyzed,and the countermeasures were put forward and implemented according to the real cause.Results The prognosis of the deficit project was significantly less than that before the intervention,and the rate of the two items of friction/shear and sensation after intervention was lower than that before the intervention.The evaluation accuracy of nurses at all levels was significantly higher than before intervention,and the average scores of theoretical knowledge of pressure ulcer test were higher than those before intervention, and the differences were statistically significant (P< 0.01 ).The incidence of pressure sores in phase I decreased to 2 cases(1.79%)after the intervention,compared with 9 cases(8.04%)before the intervention,there also have statistical significance(P<0.01).Conclusion The quality control circle activities improved the accuracy of the assessment of the risk of pressure sore in patients with department of orthopedics,and effectively improved the awareness of nurses and patients to prevent pressure ulcers,and reduced the occurrence of pressure sores.