The rock material features random distribution's microscopic hole and cracks. The rock macroscopic breaks are closely related to the internal microcrack's distribution as well as their growth and opening. The change of the rock material's internal hole and the slit region size distribution along with the stress change process were clearly observed through analysis of the rock CT images. The fractal dimension was used to analyze the fracture growth to the rupture process of rock. The rock breakage mechanism was revealed through analysis of the creation, growth and opening of rock crack. This analysis introduces the microscopic hole and the crack distribution to the mesomechanic model accurately and builds the foundation to connect the rock material's internal structure and the macroscopic mechanical properties.%岩石材料存在不同阶次随机分布的微观孔隙和裂纹,其受载后的宏观断裂失稳和破坏与内部微裂纹的分布以及微裂纹的产生、扩展和贯通有密切关系.通过对岩石CT图像中各点材料进行分析,清晰地看到岩石材料中孔洞及裂纹区域的大小分布随应力的变化过程.利用分形维数对裂纹扩展至破裂过程进行分析,揭示岩石裂纹从萌生、扩展到贯通的细观破损机理.为把微观孔隙和裂纹的分布更准确地引入细观力学模型,从而将岩石材料的内部结构与宏观力学性质相关联打下基础.
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