Detailed research focusing on the inter-cluster routing for wireless sensor networks ( WSNs ) is given first. The energy consumption imbalance problem and its cause are presented through a simple example. The paper points out the fact via an example that, the selfish of each cluster head leads to the imbalanced distribution of data flow and the data distribution imbalance then results in energy consumption imbalance. Subsequently, the non-cooperative game model aiming at regulating the behavior of the cluster heads is proposed. The Nash Equilibrium Point (NEP) of the game model is then obtained and proved. According to this game model, an energy-efficient Inter-cluster Routing algorithm based on Non-cooperative Game ( EIRNG ) is presented, which is the key contribution of the paper. Finally, extensive simulation experiments are conducted and the horizontal and vertical contrast in terms of energy efficiency and network performance are also made. The results show that the cluster heads tend to dissipate energy evenly via determining the optimal amount of the traffic based on a balance factorθi . Compared with the classic clustering routing PEGASIS and the authors ' former work EEREG, the network lifespan can be extended by 74.1% and 8.6% respectively. Therefore, the proposed EIRNG can improve the energy efficiency and the network performance of the network effectively.%针对无线传感器网络(WSNs)的簇间路由进行详细研究,指出目前簇间路由中存在的能量耗散不均衡问题.通过实际例子指出簇间能耗不均的原因,即各个簇头节点的自私性导致数据流量分布不均,进而引发能耗的分布不均.在此基础之上,提出规范各个簇头节点行为的非合作簇间路由博弈模型,得出并证明该博弈的Nash均衡点(NEP).然后基于此博弈模型提出本文的路由算法——基于非合作博弈的簇间能量优化路由算法EIRNG.最后,进行详尽的仿真实验,分别针对网络的能量效率以及网络性能进行横向及纵向对比,实验结果表明,通过引入平衡因子θi,各层簇头可选择最优数据转发量,从而网络中的簇头之间的能量消耗趋于均衡.与经典分簇算法PEGASIS以及作者前期工作EEREG相比,采用EIRNG时网络生命期可延长分别为74.1%及8.6%.因此,基于非合作博弈的簇间路由能量优化算法EIRNG可有效地提高能量效率以及提高网络的性能.
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