针对高精度三浮陀螺用半球型动压气体轴承陀螺电机的启停寿命问题,对半球型动压气体轴承的设计理论以及保证轴承在电机工况下能可靠启停的一些关键技术进行研究.其中轴承间隙和螺旋槽结构参数是影响轴承可靠启停以及其力学性能的关键因素,将螺旋槽结构参数作为变量,通过改变变量参数来分析轴承力学指标的变化趋势,得出螺旋槽各关键参数与轴承刚度的关系曲线;通过有限元法仿真分析并校核了电机在工况下轴承的稳定性,证明了轴承间隙参数设计合理.在此基础上研制了半球型动压气体轴承陀螺电机样机,并进行专项的电机启停寿命试验,启停次数满足陀螺不少于3000次指标要求,满足高精度三浮陀螺的使用要求.%Based on present study status of the start and stop life of hemispheric aerodynamic bearing gyro motor which was used for the heart of the high precision and long-life three-bearing gyroscope, designing theoretical and key technical means of hemispheric aerodynamic bearing were studied in this paper. Spiral groove parameters and bearing gap which affected the gas bearing performance and start and stop reliability were two key factors. Groove parameters were used as variables, and variation trends of gas bearing mechanical properties were analyzed by variables. Curves of relation between designing parameters of spiral groove and stiffness of gas bearing were drawn up. Distortions of gas bearing parts in the work at a high speed and at the operating temperature were simulated, and the gap of aerodynamic bearing was sure to be designed reasonably. A hemispheric aerodynamic bearing permanent magnetic gyro motor was invented in this paper and finished start and stop times no less than 3000 in the start-stop experiment. It indicates that these designing technical means were feasible and suitable for utilization in the high precision and long-life gyroscope .
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