为了实现矢量水听器在水面或水下载体上的工程应用，研究了弹性矩形空气腔障板声散射近场矢量特性。利用薄板的低频近似理论导出了弹性矩形空气腔障板水下声散射的声压和质点振速表达式，给出相应的声强表达式，验证了公式的有效性。在此基础上数值计算了弹性矩形空气腔障板声散射的近场特性，重点关注其近场矢量特性。理论分析和数值计算结果表明，由于弹性矩形空气腔障板的声散射作用，声压场和质点振速场表现为复杂的干涉结构，质点振速方向和声源方位不一致，声压和质点振速不再同相，声强方向也不再反映声源方位。本文结果为矢量水听器在弹性矩形空气腔障板条件下的工程应用提供了理论依据。%In this paper acoustic vector characteristics of near fields scattered by an elastic rectangular baffle were investigated for the purpose of applying vector hydrophone to the surface or underwater carriers. The analytic expres-sions for the scattered pressure and particle velocity were derived using the low frequency approximation theory of e-lastic thin plate. Corresponding expressions are presented for sound intensity and the effectiveness of the formula was validated. And further, the characteristics of near fields scattered by an elastic rectangular baffle were calculat-ed, of which the focus was put on the near field vector characteristics. It was found from theoretical analysis and nu-merical calculation results that due to the effects of the acoustic scattering elastic rectangular baffle, the pressure field and the particle velocity field near the surface of the elastic rectangular baffle were characterized by complex interference structure, particle velocity directions and the source bearings were not consistent. Also the phase differ-ence between pressure and particle velocity is not zero, and the intensity vector does not reflect the sound bearings. These results serve as a basis for the engineering application of the acoustic vector sensor in the elastic rectangular baffle condition.
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