舰艉气流扰动是造成舰载机着舰误差的一个主要因素，因而自动着舰系统需要具有较强的对抗扰流能力。本文借鉴美国F／A⁃18A飞机自动着舰控制器基本构型，对算例舰载机完成了纵向着舰控制系统优化设计。针对舰艉流随机性分量，利用遗传算法对控制回路参数进行离线寻优，寻优过程兼顾了系统时域性能指标和频域安全边界约束；针对舰艉流稳态分量，在固定参数寻优结果的基础上加入内回路补偿指令以实现控制系统对完整舰艉流的最优抑制；通过仿真验证优化后的控制系统。结果表明，所提出的优化方案可行有效，优化后的自动着舰系统具有更好的指令响应特性以及更强的鲁棒性，提高了舰载机着舰精度。%Carrier air wake disturbance is one of the main factors contributing to carrier⁃based aircraft landing errors. As such, a powerful automatic carrier landing system must have a strong capacity to reject airflow. In this study, we examine the basic configuration of an automatic carrier landing system ( ACLS) controller employed by USA F/A⁃18A fighter jets and design an optimal longitudinal control for use in a carrier⁃based aircraft model. For the random component of a carrier air wake, we use a genetic algorithm to perform an offline optimization of controller parame⁃ters considering both property indices in the time domain and security boundaries in the frequency domain. For the steady component of the carrier air wake, the formerly optimized parameters have been fixed , and we add a com⁃pensation command to the controller's inner loop to achieve an optimal suppression of full carrier air wake . We then verify the optimized flight control system through simulation. The results show that the proposed optimization scheme is feasible and effective. The optimized ACLS demonstrates better command response characteristics and robustness compared with the original system, thereby improving the landing accuracy of aircraft.
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