舰船瞬态噪声测试分析方法

摘要

This study tested and analyzed instantaneous ship noise on the basis of the theory of high-order statistics.Vari-ous methods for information processing, including time-frequency analysis, FIR filtering, and calculation, are utilized to identify the generation and end time of transient noise.A calculation method for the total energy and frequency spectrum of transient ship noise is established.A comparison platform for noises with different transient behaviors is constructed. In addition, a theoretical simulation and test research are conducted for the simulative verification of sound sources under oceanic anchoring state.Results showed that the established processing method for transient noise information could be used to accurately obtain the generation and end time of instantaneous noise and the total energy and characteristic fre-quency spectrum.The difference between the total energy of frequency spectrum and the actual value is less than 1 dB. This result verifies the engineering efficacy and practicality of the proposed method.%针对舰船典型瞬态噪声量级及特征频谱准确获取问题,本文依据高阶统计量理论,突破了瞬态噪声产生和结束时刻判别技术,综合运用时频分析、FIR滤波器、瞬态信号能量计算等多种信息处理方法,建立了舰船瞬态噪声总体能量和频谱计算方法.本文构建了不同瞬态工况噪声对比平台,并开展了理论仿真和海上锚泊状态下声源模拟验证试验研究.研究结果表明,建立的瞬态噪声信息处理方法,能够准确获取瞬态噪声产生和结束时刻,以及瞬态噪声总体能量大小和特征频谱,其频谱总能量与实际相差小于1 dB,有效验证了该方法的工程有效性和实用性.