无症状期 HIV 感染者外周血 T 细胞亚群含量、PD-1/PD-L1表达量与病毒载量的关系

摘要

Objective:To study the relationship of different T cell subset levels and PD-1/PD-L1 expression levels in pe-ripheral blood with viral load in patients with asymptomatic HIV infection.Methods:Patients with asymptomatic HIV infection treated in our hospital were selected as the HIV group of the study,healthy subjects during the same period were selected as the control group,and peripheral blood was collected to detect CD3 + CD4 + CD8- ,CD3 + CD4- CD8 + ,CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + and CD4 + CD25 + CD127low/- cell levels as well as PD-1/PD-L1 expression levels.Results:The number and percentage of CD3 +CD4 + CD8- cells as well as the number of CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + and CD4 + CD25 + CD127low/- cells in peripheral blood of HIV group were significantly lower than those of control group,the number and percentage of CD3 + CD4- CD8 + cells,the percent-age of CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + and CD4 + CD25 + CD127low/- cells as well as the expression levels of PD-L1 and PD-1 on CD4 + T cell surface were significantly higher than those of control group,and the expression levels of PD-L1 and PD-1 on CD8 + T cell surface were not significantly different from those of control group;the greater the viral load in HIV group,the lower the per-centage of CD3 + CD4 + CD8- ,and the higher the percentage of CD3 + CD4- CD8 + ,CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + and CD4 + CD25 +CD127low/- cells as well the PD-1/PD-L1 positive percentage on CD4 + T cell surface in peripheral blood.Conclusion:The im-mune characteristics of patients with asymptomatic HIV infection are the decreased number of CD4 + T cells and the increased number of CD8+T cells as well as the decreased absolute content and increased relative content of CD4 + CD25 + Treg cells,and PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is the molecular mechanism of HIV to act on CD4 + T cells.%目的：：研究无症状期 HIV 感染者外周血中不同 T 细胞亚群含量、PD-1/PD-L1表达量与病毒载量的关系。方法：选择在我院就诊的无症状期 HIV 感染患者作为研究的 HIV 组,同期体检的健康者作为对照组,采集外周血检测 CD3＋ CD4＋ CD8-、CD3＋ CD4- CD8＋、CD4＋ CD25＋ Foxp3＋、CD4＋ CD25＋CD127low/-细胞含量以及 PD-1/PD-L1表达量。结果：HIV 组外周血中 CD3＋ CD4＋ CD8-细胞数目、百分比以及 CD4＋ CD25＋ Foxp3＋、CD4＋ CD25＋ CD127low/-细胞数目显著低于对照组,CD3＋ CD4- CD8＋细胞数目及百分比、CD4＋ CD25＋ Foxp3＋和 CD4＋ CD25＋ CD127low/-细胞百分比、CD4＋T 细胞表面PD-L1和 PD-1的表达量显著高于对照组,CD8＋ T 细胞表面 PD-L1、PD-1的表达量与对照组比较无显著差异；HIV 组病毒载量越大,外周血中 CD3＋ CD4＋ CD8-细胞百分比越低,CD3＋ CD4- CD8＋、CD4＋CD25＋ Foxp3＋、CD4＋ CD25＋ CD127low/-细胞百分比以及 CD4＋ T 细胞表面 PD-1/PD-L1阳性百分比越高。结论：无症状期 HIV 感染患者的免疫特征是 CD4＋ T 细胞数目减少、CD8＋ T 细胞数目增多且CD4＋ CD25＋ Treg 细胞的绝对含量减少、相对含量增多,PD-1/PD-L1途径是 HIV 作用于 CD4＋ T 细胞的分子机制。