不同空化器对水下射弹动态减阻特性影响分析

摘要

For the purpose of studying the influence of the shape of the cavitation on the drag reduc-tion characteristics of underwater high speed projectile, based on the Rayleigh-Plesset single medium variable density multiphase flow model and 6DOF dynamic mesh technique,an analysis was conducted of the underwater dynamic motion of the projectile with different cavitation. In this paper, analyzed were the characteristics of drag reduction and cavitation number of supercavitating projectiles with dif-ferent cavitation in the two cases of cavitation and being wet down. The results show that the perfor-mance of drag reduction is the best when the diameter of disc cavitation is 0.5 mm,When the cone an-gle is 60°,the average drag reduction rate is the best;compared with the two kinds of cavitation device structure of projectile,within a certain range, the disc cavitation is more suitable for the underwater small caliber projectile. The results of this study provide a certain referential value for the analysis of dynamic drag reduction characteristics of underwater high speed projectiles,and reveal a certain direc-tion for the optimization of the cavitation device.%为了研究水下高速射弹在运动过程中空化器形状对减阻特性的影响,基于Rayleigh-Plesset单一介质可变密度混合多相流模型、6DOF动网格技术,对带不同空化器射弹的水下动态运动进行了分析研究.分析了不同空化器的超空泡射弹在空化和全沾湿两种情况下减阻特性和空化数变化.结果表明圆盘空化器直径为0.5 mm的减阻性能最佳,而圆锥空化器圆锥角为60°的射弹平均减阻率最佳;对比两种空化器结构的射弹,在一定的范围内,圆盘空化器更适用于水下小口径高速射弹.本研究结果对水下高速射弹动态减阻特性分析具有一定的参考价值,并为空化器的优化提供了一定的指导方向.