目的:分析1 719例健康体检人群结肠镜检出结直肠疾病的分布情况.方法:通过对1 719例行电子结肠镜体检的无症状患者进行分析,统计结直肠疾病总检出率及各类结直肠疾病检出率,按性别分为男性、女性组,按年龄分为＜ 30岁、30 ～ 44岁、45 ～ 59岁、60～ 74岁、75岁以上(包括75岁)组,按BMI分为非肥胖、超重、肥胖组,比较不同性别、年龄、BMI体检者结直肠疾病检出率的差异.结果:健康体检人群结直肠疾病总检出率较高,达63.53％,各类疾病检出率由高至低依次为非特异性结直肠炎(42.76％)、结直肠息肉(17.16％)、结直肠癌(0.93％)、结直肠黑变病(0.81％)、大肠憩室(0.76％)、结直肠血管畸形(0.47％)等;男体检者结直肠疾病检出率高于女性体检者,年龄45岁以上体检者结直肠疾病检出率高于45岁以下体检者,且差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),不同体质量指数(BMI)体检者结直肠疾病总检出率比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:无症状体检者结直肠疾病总检出率较高,疾病检出类型以非特异性结直肠炎、结直肠息肉多见;结直肠疾病与性别、年龄相关.%Objective:To analyze the distribution of colorectal disease by colonoscopy in the health examination of 1 719 cases.Methods:1 719 cases of people who came to Xiangya hospital for health examination by electronic colonoscope were analyzed,and the differences of colorectal disease incidence were reflected according to the relationship between colorectal disease and age,gender as well as BMI from June 2011 to December 2015.Results:The total relevance ratio of colorectal disease in health examination population was 63.53％;relevance ratio about nonspecific inflammation of colon and rectum,colorectal polyps,colorectal cancer,melanosis coli,large intestine retention room and vascular malformation of colon and rectum was respectively 42.76％,17.16％,0.93％,0.81％,0.76％ and 0.47％.The men about relevance ratio of colorectal disease are higher than the women.The physical examinees over 45 years old are higher than the persons below 45 years of age.The differences are all statistically significant(P ＜ 0.05).Whether obesity or not has no difference on relevance ratio of colorectal disease(P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion:The relevance ratio of colorectal disease in asymptomatic health examinees was high,especially nonspecific inflammation of colon and rectum or colorectal polyps.The relevance ratio of colorectal disease was related to gender and age.
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