广西铁路系统育龄女工自然流产的危险因素分析

摘要

Objective:To analyze the risk factors for spontaneous abortion among females working on railway station.Methods:A questionnaire survey on the lifestyle,occupational exposure,reproductive health,etc.among female workers in railway station was conducted by cluster sampling method.Univariate analysis and multiple logistic regression analysis were performed to reveal the risk factors for spontaneous abortion of female workers at childbearing age.Results:Among 1,511 subjects,the abortion rate was 42.89％,and the rate of spontaneous abortion was 5.00％.Univariate analysis showed that educational level,average daily physical activity,entertainment time,medication use,exposure to toxic or harmful substances in the work place and history of gynecology disease were different between female workers with and without spontaneous abortion (P ＜0.05).Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that high educational level,history of medication use and contact with toxic or harmful substances in the workplace were risk factors for spontaneous abortion (P ＜0.05).Conclusion:Female workers in railway station with high educational level,history of medication use and exposure to toxic or harmful substances in the workplace had an increased propensity for spontaneous abortion.%目的:分析广西铁路系统育龄女工自然流产情况及危险因素.方法:采用整群抽样的方法,对广西铁路系统育龄女工进行生殖健康相关的问卷调查,用单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析法分析广西铁路系统育龄女工自然流产的危险因素.结果:1 511名调查对象中,流产发生率为42.89％,其中自然流产率5.00％.单因素分析结果显示,发生自然流产与未发生自然流产的铁路女工文化程度、日均体育锻炼与娱乐时长、服用药物、工作岗位、工作场所中接触有毒有害物质及妇科疾病史比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05).多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,文化程度高(OR=2.201,95％ CI 1.324～3.661,P=0.002)、服用药物(OR=4.045,95％CI 1.056～15.494,P=0.041)及工作场所中接触有毒有害物质(OR=2.102,95％ CI1.277～3.460,P=0.004)是铁路女工发生自然流产的独立危险因素.结论:文化程度高、服用药物以及工作场所中接触有毒有害物质可能增加铁路女工自然流产的发生风险.