鸢乌贼和杜氏枪乌贼营养成分分析与比较

摘要

The nutrient composition in head-foot and carcass ofSymplectoteuthis oualaniensis andLoligo duvauceli were studied and evaluated. The results showed that the mass fraction of protein, fat in the head-foot and carcass ofSymplectoteuthis oualaniensiswere 90.45% and 90.57% (on dry basis), respectively. The mass fractions of protein inLoligo duvauceli were lower than that ofSymplectoteuthis oualaniensis. The percentage of essential amino acids accounting for total amino acids were 41.40%, 38.91%, 38.25% and 38.04% for the carcass ofLoligo duvauceli, head-foot ofLoligo duvauceli, head-foot ofSymplectoteuthis oualaniensis and carcass ofSymplectoteuthis oualaniensis, respectively. According to the amino acids score (AAS) model, the first limited amino acid in the head-foot and carcass ofSymplectoteuthis oualaniensiswere valine, and the AAS values were 85, 76, respectively. The first limited amino acid in the head-foot ofLoligo duvauceli was methionine, and the AAS was 98. The AAS values in carcass ofLoligo duvauceli were more than 100.Twelve and eleven kinds of unsaturated fatty acids were found respectively in the head-foot and carcass ofSymplectoteuthis oualaniensis, and thirteen were found inLoligo duvauceli. The mass fraction of unsaturated fatty acids in both the head-foot and carcass were more than 65%. Compared with other squids, the head-foot and carcass ofSymplectoteuthis oualaniensis contains high level DHA.Symplectoteuthis oualaniensiswas rich of Mg and Zn.Loligo duvaucelihad abundant Ca, Cu and Mn.%分析鸢乌贼（Symplectoteuthis oualaniensis）和杜氏枪乌贼（Loligo duvauceli）头足和胴体的营养成分。结果表明，鸢乌贼头足、胴体粗蛋白质量分数（干基）分别为90.76%、90.58%，杜氏枪乌贼头足、胴体粗蛋白质量分数低于鸢乌贼。必须氨基酸占总氨基酸质量分数的高低顺序为杜氏枪乌贼胴体41.40%＞杜氏枪乌贼头足38.91%＞鸢乌贼头足32.25%＞鸢乌贼胴体38.04%。鸢乌贼头足、胴体的第一限制氨基酸均为缬氨酸，氨基酸评分AAS分别为85、76；杜氏枪乌贼头足的第一限制氨基酸为蛋氨酸，AAS为98，胴体的AAS值大于100。鸢乌贼头足、胴体分别检测出12种和11种不饱和脂肪酸，杜氏枪乌贼头足、胴体各检测出13种，两种乌贼的头足和胴体不饱和脂肪酸占总脂肪酸质量分数均高于65%。与其他鱿鱼相比较，鸢乌贼的DHA含量较高。鸢乌贼富含Mg、Zn，杜氏枪乌贼则富含Ca、Cu、Mn。