延安市河道植物调查研究

摘要

This article analyzes the composition ,Simpson index ,Shannon -Wiener index ,Pielou evenness index and Gleason species richness index of the river plants community in Yan′an City ,Shaanxi Province .The results show as following :there are 39 species of 30 genera under 15 families of river plants in Yan′an City ;according to the survey of five sample places ,Simpson index is respectively 0 .5224 ,0 .4249 ,0 .6863 ,0 .8910 ,0 .8104 ,indicating that the species diversity in Xigou Bridge and Cigarette Factory is in medium level while that in Majia Bay and Railway Station is in higher level;Shannon -Wiener index is respectively 1 .3623 ,1 .7384 ,2 .3536 ,2 .9585 ,2 .8970 ,each is near to the normal scope ,which proves that community diversity is usual and does not reflect greater composition and structure diversity ;Pielou evenness index is respectively 0 .3513 ,0 .5254 ,0 .7525 ,0 .8625 ,0 .8086 ,showing that there are great differences of the species distribution proportion structure in Zaoyuan and Cigarette Factory ,but no obvious differences in the rest three sample places ;Gleason species richness index is separately 5805 ,1564 ,1031 ,2069 and 2941 ,which means that the leguminosae ,grasses euphorbiaceae and herb plants are the majority species in the sample fields ,and the abundance of the herb plants accords with the vegetation composition characteristics of Loess Plateau semiarid areas .%对延安市河道植被群落的物种组成、Simpson指数、Shannon -Wiener指数、Pielou均匀度指数和Gleason物种丰富度指数等进行了分析研究，结果表明：延安市河道植物共有15科30属39种。在所调查的5个样地中，Simpson指数分别为0．5224、0．4249、0．6863、0．8910和0．8104，说明了枣园、卷烟厂和西沟桥3个样地的物种多样性处于中等水平，而马家湾和火车站2个样地的物种多样性处于较高水平。Shannon-Wiener指数分别为1．3623、1．7384、2．3536、2．9585和2．8970，均在范围附近，说明调查的样地群落多样性为一般常见情况，并没有体现较大的成分和结构的多样性。Pielou均匀度指数分别为0．3513、0．5254、0．7525、0．8625和0．8086，说明枣园和卷烟厂的样地物种分布比例结构的差异较大，而其余3个样地的物种分布比例结构的差异不是很明显。Gleason物种丰富度指数分别为5805、1564、1031、2069和2941，说明调查样地以菊科、豆科和禾本科植物种类居多，草本植物多样性的丰富度比较符合黄土高原半干旱区的植被组成特征。