黑河市自然灾害的演变及预防

摘要

指出了黑河市的主要自然灾害是水灾、旱灾、低温冻害及冰雹。通过对黑河气象观测站观测资料进行统计，发现这些自然灾害在1960～2009年半个世纪时间内有次数逐渐增多、影响加重的趋势。旱灾、水灾的这种趋势最明显，而低温冻害、冰雹的次数呈震荡式增高。在了解这些规律的基础上，提出了应将灾害预防救助的重点放在水、旱灾害的预防，尤其应该加大力度预防旱灾，同时也要注意极端天气增多引发的低温冻害及冰雹灾害的预防。%The main natural disasters in Heihe City are flood ,drought ,low temperature freezing and hail .Through analyzing the statistics data of Heihe meteorological station , this article finds that the frequency of these natural disasters has increased gradually from 1960 to 2009 with increasing effects ,and the change trend of flood and drought are most obvious ,and the frequency of low temperature freezing and hail increases with a vibration trend .Based on the understanding of these changing law s ,the article proposes that the prevention assistance of the natural disaster should focus on flood and drought ,especially giving priority to drought prevention ,and meanwhile ,should pay more attention to the extreme weather caused by low temperature freezing and hail .