五种五味子属药用植物及东紫苏的化学成分和生物活性

摘要

The chemical constituents and bioactivities of six medicinal plants have been studied. In the study one hundred and one compounds, including twenty-six new compounds were isolated. Among these compounds, sixteen unique highly oxidized nortriterpenoids, belonging to an unprecedented new nortriterpenoid skeleton with a biosynthetically modified eight-membered ring, and unusual nortriterpenoids or bisnortriterpenoid skeletons, have been isolated from three Schisandra species. Interestingly, to date, no naturally occurring triterpenoids have been found to have such a highly modified oxidized norcycloartane skeleton.The bioactivities of compounds isolated from the genus Schisandra have been tested, including anti-HIV-1, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxities against C8166, MT-4 and K562 cells activities. SM-10 and SM-26 were found to show promising anti-HIV-1 activity and the selectivity index were 174.08 and 25.94, respectively.%对5种五味子属(Schisandra)药用植物(小花五味子Schisandra micrantha,狭叶五味子S. lancifolia,滇翼梗五味子S. henryi var. yunnanensis var. yunnanensis,复瓣黄龙藤S. Plena,华中五味子S. sphenanthera)和唇形科植物东紫苏(Elsholtzia bodinieri)的化学成分进行了研究,从中共分离鉴定了101个化合物,26个为新化合物.首次从3种五味子属植物中发现了3种高度氧化的新奇骨架类型.此外,还发现了18,19-sec-乌索酸型苷和17,20断裂并失去17位侧链的羊毛甾烷型和环阿尔廷型八降三萜等新的骨架类型.对分离得到的部分化合物进行了体外抗HIV-1、急毒、抗炎和抗肿瘤活性实验,发现部分化合物具有抗HIV-1活性.其中化合物SM-10和SM-26具有显著的抑制HIV-1病毒活性,选择指数分别为174.08和25.04,且毒性较小,作为作用于病毒与细胞结合和融合靶点的小分子化合物具有重要的意义.