流道插件在高温和磁流体作用下的力学行为

摘要

在国际热核聚变试验堆计划中,流道插件是包层模块中的一个重要部件,它的主要作用是隔热和电绝缘,它的力学行为受到高温、磁场、流体压力的共同作用,使得其响应分析成为一个多场耦合的问题.本文采用有限体积法和有限元法,对包层中流体传热性能和流道插件的结构安全性能进行计算,其中详细分析一种典型工况下流道插件的应力状态;同时,对具有不同热导率的流道插件进行计算,得出其对包层结构的影响.计算结果说明流道插件厚度方向以及面内方向的压应力均比较安全,而较危险的则为极向面内拉应力和棱边的剪切破坏.采用具有较低热导率的流道插件时,可以使出口金属流体的平均温度提高,从而提高热效率,同时降低第一壁的最高温度,从而保证其结构安全,但流道插件内部的温度梯度会增加,结构热应力也更高.%In the ITER project,flow channel insert (FCI) serves as an indispensable electrical and thermal insulator.Mechanical behaviors of this component are affected by magneto-thermo-fluid-structure coupled fields.In this work,numerical investigations using finite volume method and finite element method were carried out to study flow pattern,heat transfer,and structural safety factors in the blanket module.Detailed stress analysis of FCI and influences caused by thermal conductivity were presented.Results show that FCI is basically safe considering through thickness stress and inplane compressive stress.However,the in-plane tensile stress and shear stress at edges are close to the material limit.Besides,FCI with good thermal insulating ability will lead to high outlet temperature of the flow and can well protect the first wall from bulk flow heat leakage.However,the temperature gradient and thermal stress in FCI will increase in this case.