氮磷配施对旱地油用亚麻氮素积累分配及产量的影响

摘要

以油用亚麻‘陇亚杂1号’为试验材料,研究了不施肥、单施氮肥、单施磷肥和氮磷配施对油用亚麻植株中氮素积累、分配和氮肥利用效率的影响.结果表明,油用亚麻全生育期氮素积累量总体呈“S”形变化趋势,盛花期前油用亚麻氮素主要集中在叶和茎中,而盛花期后主要集中在茎和籽粒中.单施氮(N)、磷(P2 O5)肥各75 kg/hm2时,氮、磷肥表观利用率和农学效率最高,分别为20.49%、23.80%和8.97%、8.77%,氮磷配施时其肥料利用率因处理而异.施高氮(N2150 kg/hm2)和低磷(P175 kg/hm2)亚麻的产量最高,达1562.50 kg/hm2,较不施肥增产94.50%,可见,N 150 kg/hm2、P 75 kg/hm2的高氮低磷配施是定西旱地油用亚麻高产节肥最佳施肥处理.%The experiment was carried out to study on the effects of nitrogen (N)accumulation,distri-bution and N utilization efficiency of oilseed flax ‘Longyaza 1 ’under the treatments of no fertilizer,N, phosphorus(P)and N combined with P fertilizer.The result showed that the trends of N accumulation in oilseed flax was ‘S’shape during the whole growing stage with different treatments,and N focused on mainly stems and leaves in earlier stage and stems and grains of oilseed flax in later stage at full flowers. Apparent N recovery efficiency and agronomic use efficiency reached peak,which was 20.49%,23.80% and 8.97 kg/kg,8.77 kg/kg at N and P application was 75 kg/hm2 ,respectively.The yield was the highest un-der higher N(150 kg/hm2)and lower P (175 kg/hm2)treatment,reached 1 562.50 kg/hm2,was 94.50%higher than that of no fertilization.It is suggested that N 150 kg/hm2 ,P 75 kg/hm2 is the optimum fertili-zation application at Dingxi experiment station under dry land conditions.