老鹳草种子处理机设计与试验研究

摘要

A layer of marten-site cell arranged closely in geranium seed skin,without permeability and absorbent,result in the low germination rate or not sprout.A small geranium seed processor was designed, the processor using friction between seeds or the dynamic and static friction plate to destroy marten-site cell which cover seed surface.After friction,a higher germination rate of seeds was achieved.After conduc-ting few of multi-factor tests,measured that the speed of the transporting screw n,screw pitch L,the pres-sure of the friction plate is the key factors of destroying seed skin.A regression orthogonal experiment was conducted by using the above factors as variables.The results show that when the screw rotation speed is 500 r/min,discharge pressure is 4 000 Pa,screw pitch is 100 mm,the effect of skin broken is the optimum. The design will help for small hard seed processor.%以山东省特有植物青岛老鹳草种子为试验材料，针对老鹳草种子种皮外表有一层排列紧密的马氏细胞，具有不透水性和不吸水性，致使种子发芽率低或不发芽等问题，为提高老鹳草种子发芽率，设计一台小型硬实种子处理机。种子处理机利用种子与种子及动、静摩擦盘对种子双重摩擦的方法，破坏种皮外表层的马氏细胞，经摩擦后的种子获得较高发芽率。对处理机进行多次多因素试验，测得输料螺旋杆的转速、螺旋螺距和摩擦盘之间压力是影响种子破皮的关键因素，以上述因素为变量进行一次回归正交试验，结果表明：螺旋转速为500 r／min，出料压力为4000 Pa，螺旋螺距为100 mm 对种子破皮效果最佳。试验研究对小型硬实种子处理机的设计具有指导意义。