河西地区紫花苜蓿田间杂草的调查

摘要

[目的] 了解甘肃河西地区紫花苜蓿田间杂草的种类和发生状况,为进一步防治奠定基础.[方法] 在酒泉、张掖、武威、金昌的5个苜蓿种植区利用样方法进行了田间杂草调查和分析.[结果] 5个种植区共有各类杂草11科33属37种,苜蓿田杂草以阔叶杂草为主,占杂草总数的78.38%;一年生杂草有18种,占杂草总数的48.65%,远远大于多年生杂草.杂草的优势科为藜科、禾本科、菊科,占杂草总数的54.05%,其FDI值分别为117.25%、60.88%和52.83%.重要值大于5的优势杂草种类有灰绿藜、刺苋、稗草、苦荬菜4种,占杂草总数的10.81%,为优势种;其中灰绿藜重要值最大(34.96),为重点防除对象.[结论] 在调查的整个地区中,金昌的杂草种类和数量最多.%[Objective] In order to understand weed species and occurrence situation,provide further prevention and control of weeds in alfalfa fields.[Method] The survey was conducted weeds at five alfalfa growth areas in Jiuquan,Zhangye,Wuwei,Jinchang of Hexi corridor in Gansu Province.[Results] A total of 37 species belonging to 33 generas,11 families were observed,the main weeds were broadleaf and accounted for 78.38% of the total number of weeds;annual weeds belonged to 18 species,accounted for 48.65% of total,much larger than the perennial weeds.Dominant families based on family dominance index,were Chenopodiaceae,Gramineae,Compositae weeds with 117.25%,60.88% and 52.83%,they were 54.05% of the total weeds.Chenopodium glaucum L.,Amaranthus spinosus L.,Amaranthus spinosus L.,Ixeris polycephala Cass were the dominant species according to important value which were greater than 5,and accounted 10.81% of the total weeds;Chenopodium was important control object because of the highest important value (34.96).[Conclusion]Among 4 cities investigated,Jinchang has the most weed species and quantity.