纳米ZnO 材料在染料/量子点敏化太阳能电池中的研究进展∗

摘要

ZnO 是一种性能优异的环保半导体材料,其具有合成原材料来源丰富、制备条件简单、形貌结构易调控等优点,被广泛应用于能源、信息、环境等领域。在染料/量子点敏化太阳能电池中,ZnO 通常被用作光阳极材料,负载光吸收剂,同时接收和传输电子。通过发挥其结构易控制的优点,一系列不同的 ZnO 纳米结构,如纳米球,纳米线,纳米片或纳米花等被用于敏化太阳能电池的光阳极,从而极大地提高了敏化太阳能电池的性能。综述将主要从单一纳米结构和复合结构两方面对纳米ZnO 材料进行介绍,讨论了不同 ZnO 结构在染料/量子点敏化太阳能电池中的最新研究进展,并对电池光电性能的进一步提升提出新的展望。%ZnO is an environmental-friendly semiconductor material with excellent performance.It has a wide ap-plication in energy,information,environment,etc,owing to numerous advantages of being abundant,simple preparation and feasible morphology controllable morphology structures.ZnO is commonly used as photoanode materials in dye/quantum dot sensitized solar cells,to loadling light absorber,accepting and transporting elec-trons.A series of different nanostructures,such as nanoparticles,nanowires,nanosheets and nanoflowers have been used in the sensitized solar cells,and the performance of the sensitized solar cells have been greatly im-proved via morphology adj usting.This review summarizes the ZnO nanomaterials in the aspect of the single structure and hierarchical structure.It also discusses the recent research progress in dye/quantum dot sensitized solar cells fabricated from ZnO photoanode,and the further trends for improving ZnO nanomaterials based de-vice performance are reviewed as well.