膨胀型阻燃剂/聚碳酸酯复合材料的阻燃性能研究∗

摘要

通过极限氧指(LOI)、水平垂直燃烧(UL-94)、热重分析法(TGA)、锥形量热(CONE)等方法研究了新型膨胀型阻燃剂(SNP)对聚碳酸酯(PC)阻燃性能的影响.结果表明,阻燃 PC的 SNP 最佳添加量为0．075％(质量分数),复合材料的 LOI 达到34．75％、UL-94 V-0级别,其点燃时间(TTI)减少40％、烟热释放量的峰值(PSPR)降低16．7％、火势增长指数(FIGRA)降低56％、峰值热释放速率时间(TPK-HRR)是原料PC的1．6倍,呈现出良好的阻燃性能和抑烟效果.SEM研究表明,SNP阻燃PC存在凝聚相和气相双重阻燃机理.%Polycarbonate was flame retarded with the intumescent flame-retardant (SNP)to prepare new flame retardant composites PC/SNP.The flame retardant property of the composites was analyzed by limited oxygen index measurements (LOI),horizontal vertical combustion (UL-94),thermal gravimetric analysis(TGA)and cone calorimetry tests (CONE).The results demonstrated that the addition of SNP increased the flame retard-ant property of the composites,and improved the dense smoke phenomenon to a certain extent when composite was burning.The limited oxygen index value can reach 34.75% and V-0 for the sample containing 0.075wt%SNP.The cone experimental results showed that the lighting time (TTI)decreased by 40%,smoke heat release peak (PSPR)carbon monoxide release rate reduced by 16.7%,the fire growth index (FIGRA)reduced by 5 6%,the peak heat release rate (Tpk-HRR )time was 1 .6 times that of the PC raw materials.In addition,SEM observation revealed that the SNP flame retardant PC was both the condensed phase and the gas phase of flame retardant mechanism.