湘语中“手”和“脚”的隐喻与转喻

摘要

从认知语言学的视角看，湘语中“手”“脚”的隐喻和转喻类型既有共性又存在差异。从“手”和“脚”到其他认知域的映射都是基于人类对“手”“脚”基本特征与功能的身体经验积累。由于人们对其认知经验不同造成湘语中“手”的转喻类型比“脚”的转喻类型丰富，而“脚”的隐喻类型则比“手”的隐喻类型丰富。考察方言中的隐喻和转喻现象，有利于我们直接了解语言（方言）之间的异同。%The study of metaphor and metonymy has been a hot topic in cognitive linguistics. The paper observes the classification and cognitive mechanism metaphor and metonymy of"shǒu"and"jiǎo"in Xiang dialect and then compares the similarities and distinctions between metaphor and metonymy of"shǒu"and"jiǎo"in Xiang dialect. On this basis,it concludes that in the Xiang dialect,metonymy for"shǒu"is more common than that for"jiǎo",while it goes the other way around as for metaphor.Such discrepancy is attributed to man's different cognitive experience of"shǒu"and"jiǎo".