基于表型性状的铁观音茶树种性变化分析

摘要

为研究我国重要茶树品种铁观音的种性变化，在原产地福建省安溪县选取了80份铁观音茶树为研究对象，对其主要表型性状进行了观测分析.结果表明：供试茶树在树姿、芽叶颜色和侧脉对数等性状上差异较大，变异系数分别为48.95％、36.83％和21.77％；主成分分析表明，叶形、芽叶色泽和树姿3项因子可以作为判别铁观音茶树性状变化的重要参考指标；基于表型性状的聚类分析可以将80份铁观音茶树分为4个类群.由此可以推测，铁观音茶树品种存在种性退化现象.%To investigate variety variation of Camellia sinensis cv. Tieuanyin in China, main phenotype characteristics of 80 Tiegua-nyin tea plants which were grown in the place of origin were observed and analyzed. Results showed that plant gesture, bud-leaf color and lateral vein number varied significantly among species, with variable coefficients being 48.95%, 36.83% and 21.77%, respec-tively. Basing on principal component analysis, leaf shape, bud-leaf color and tree gesture can be used as important indicators in evaluatingcharacter variation of Tieguanyin tea plant. Moreover, species can be divided into 4 groups by cluster analysis based on phenotypic character. To summarize, variety degeneration occurred in Tieguanyin cultivar due to production practice. Protection and promotion of purebred resources should be enhanced, together with purification, rejuvenation and breeding. Indepth identification, screening and innovation about Tieguanyin cultivars with character variation should be carried out as well.