海南油茶优良单株果实经济性状综合评价与筛选

摘要

To establish a comprehensive approach to evaluate economic character of Hainan Camellia oleifero, Data on 16 fruit eco-nomic characters for 50 species of Hainan Camellia oleifero and Hunan ‘Huajin’ ( control) were determined and then were under-taken principal component analysis by SPSS 19.0 software. Descriptive statistics showed that the premium species varied significantly from the control group, with coefficient of variation ranging from 6.73% to 46.92%. Five principal components (eigenvalue>1), with cumulative contribution rate adding up to 81.844%, were extracted. Subsequent scatter plots, basing on the first three principal components, namely oil quality, fruit size and seed rate, were established to compare the overall fruit economic characters for all the Camellia oleifero species. Results showed that the top ten premium species were TCPX-7, CMJL-6, QZWL-3, CMJL-4, QZCZ-3, QZCZ-4, CMZX-1, TCPX-3, QZWL-2 and TCNK-1 ( descending order) , with the control species ‘Huajin’ ranking 21st. To summarize, this study revealed the five principal components for comprehensive evaluation to fruit economic character of Hainan Camellia oleifero. Also, the study indicated the diversity in oil quality of Hainan Camellia oleifero and offered insight into breeding improvement.%对海南50个不同油茶优良单株的果实和大陆油茶‘华金’(对照)的果实经济性状指标进行测定,并采用SPSS19.0软件对其进行主成分分析.结果表明：各优株及其对照的果实经济性状的变异程度显著不同,变异系数6.73％~46.92％；用主成分抽提出5个特征值>1的主成分,累积贡献率为81.844％；二维排序图揭示了不同优良单株前3个主成分(油品质因子、果实大小因子和出籽率因子)的分布情况；50份海南油茶果实经济性状综合评价排名前10位分别为：TCPX－7、CMJL－6、QZWL－3、CMJL－4、QZCZ－3、QZCZ－4、CMZX－1、TCPX－3、QZWL－2和TCNK－1,而对照‘华金’排名21名.本研究找出了海南油茶果实经济性状评价的5个主成分,揭示了海南油茶不同优良单株的茶油品质差异.