有效微生物群对雨豆树发芽率和苗木生长的影响

摘要

雨豆树的苗木种植在容器袋的沙和牛粪的混合质上(3:1).在播种前后一周施用不同浓度(0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 5% and 10%)的有效微生物群(Effective Microorganisms )液.测定发芽和苗木自然生长参数(包括:茎根长度,活力指数,直径,叶子数量,茎根的鲜重和干重,总的生物量增长量).估计生化参数如叶绿素a, 叶绿素b,类胡罗卜素,并观测了受有效微生物群影响的生节情况. 与对照相比, 经不同浓度有效微生物群液处理的雨豆树,发芽率和苗木自然生长参数都明显增加.施用2%有效微生物群液的苗木生长率最大,其次是施用1%有效微生物群液的苗木.1%有效微生物群液的生节率最高,并随浓度的增加而下降.尽管经有效微生物群液处理的苗木叶中色素比对照高,但叶绿素a, 叶绿素b,类胡罗卜素并不明显高于对照. 随着有效微生物群液浓度的增加,苗木生长表现出不同的效果,大部分参数在中等浓度范围最高.研究表明,有效微生物群技术有助与提高苗圃中苗木的生长,有益微生物与容器袋土壤相结合有助于改善退化的或贫瘠的土壤,有利于初移植苗木的营养和水分吸收.%Microbial Inoculants as Effective Microorganisms (EM) were applied to find out their effects on germination and seedling growth of Albizia saman in the nursery. The seedlings were grown in a mixture of sandy soils and cow dung (3:1) kept in polybags. The EM solution at different concentrations (0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 5% and 10%) was incorporated before and after a week of sowing seeds. Germination and physical growth parameters, including shoot and root length, vigor index, collar diameter, leaf number, fresh and dry weight of shoot and root and total biomass increment over the control were measured. The nodulation status influenced by EM was also observed along with the estimation of chemical parameters like chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid. Both germination and the measured physical growth parameters were found significantly (P<0.05) higher in seedlings treated with different concentrations of EM solution in comparison to the control. Maximum growth was found at 2% followed by 1% EM solution. Nodulation was higher at 0.1% concentration but it normally decreased with the increase of concentrations. Although there were a higher amount of pigments in leaves of the treated seedlings than of the control, the variations recorded with respect to chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid were not significantly higher in most of the treatments. Treated seedlings showed variable results along with the increment of EM applications and most of the parameters showed best results at the medium range of concentrations. The study indicates that the Microbial Inoculant (EM) technology might be useful to improve the growth of seedlings in the nursery. This also indicates that the associated beneficial organisms along with the polybag soils might be of value in improving the degraded soil or poor field soil for better nutrient and water uptake during the initial growth of transplanted seedlings.