实验用中华绒鳌蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)幼蟹初始体质量为1.8 g左右.饲料A添加6%鱼肝油和4%大豆卵鳞脂(饲料含4.53%磷脂和1.08%HUFA),饲料B添加10%的猪油(饲料含0.39%磷脂和0.18%HUFA);实验蟹单个体饲养(可防止蜕壳期间蟹相互残杀而获得饲料外的营养源),雌蟹(F)、雄蟹(Lul)各60个,实验周期120 d.结果表明:两组饲料条件下,幼蟹的存活率、增重率、特定生长率、平均蜕壳次数、蜕壳间隔时间及肝胰腺指数均无显著差异(P>0.05).但无论是雌蟹还是雄蟹,A组幼蟹肝胰腺和肌肉的总脂含量显著低于B组(P<0.05),并且A组蟹肝胰腺和肌肉中磷脂、多不饱和脂肪酸和高度不饱和脂肪酸的含量显著高于B组(P<0.05).这表明,在中华绒鳌蟹幼蟹饲料中添加4.53%磷脂和1.08%HUFA对其存活、生长、蜕壳无显著影响,但可使其肝胰腺和肌肉中的总脂含量降低,而磷脂、多不饱和脂肪酸和高度不饱和脂肪酸的含量升高.本研究结果旨在为中华绒鳌蟹幼蟹的营养学研究提供理论依据,同时也为生产上幼蟹饲料的开发提供参考.%This study was conducted to determine effects of phospholipid (PL) and highly unsaturated fatty acid(HUFA) on survival, weigh gain, molting and biochemical composition of juvenile Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis. Two diets were formulated to contain different amounts of fish oil, soy lecithin and pork lard with resulting PL/HUFA levels (％ dry weight) of 4.53/1.08(Diet A) and 0.39/0.18(Diet B), and the juvenile crabs were divided into group AF(Diet A, female), group AM(Diet A, male), group BF(Diet B, female) and group BM(Diet B,male). Sixty juvenile crabs (with initial body weight about 1.8 g) were individually stocked in plastic tanks as a treatment. No significant difference was observed for survival, weight gain, molting and hepatosomatic index (HSI) between the two diet treatments(P＞0.05), but total lipid content of group A(AF and AM) was significantly lower in hepatopancreas and muscle than that of group B(BF and BM) (P＜0.05). Phospholipid, polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA) and HUFA content of group A were significantly higher in hepatopancreas and muscle than that of group B, respectively (P＜0.05). These results revealed that no significant effects of PL/HUFA levels at 4.53/1.08 on survival, weight gain, molting of juvenile Chinese mitten crab were observed, but these PL/HUFA levels of diet could decrease the total lipid content of hepatopancreas and muscle, and increase their phospholipid, PUFA and HUFA content.
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