4种海洋贝类对海水中铜(Cu)的富集能力

摘要

为研究4种海洋贝类(泥蚶、菲律宾蛤仔、缢蛏、单齿螺)对海水中铜(Cu)的富集效应.设置Cu浓度分别为0.0l5、0.020、0.025、0.035、0.065和0.ll5mg/L 6个试验组,采用半静水法进行泥蚶、菲律宾蛤仔、缢蛏、单齿螺对海水中Cu的富集试验,分别在0、l、3、5、l0、15、20、25、30d取出部分贝类用微波消解一原子吸收光谱法测定Cu含量.结果表明:4种贝类均对Cu表现出了一定的富集效应,单壳类对Cu的富集效应明显大于双壳类.水体中Cu浓度达到0.035mg/L时,泥蚶和单齿螺对Cu的富集效应明显.水体中Cu浓度达到0.025mg/L时,菲律宾蛤仔和缢蛏对Cu富集明显.贝类体内Cu含量总体上随水体中Cu含量增加而增加,但当水体中Cu浓度在某个浓度点时,贝类体内的Cu含量反而有个低点.这一低点对于泥蚶为0.025mg/L、对于菲律宾蛤仔和单齿螺为0.035mg/L,缢蛏并不明显.贝类体内Cu含量总体上随富集时间的增加而增加.在3～5d时,贝类体内Cu含量明显降低,在5～10d后Cu含量又继续增加.同时,实验还进一步探讨了贝类对重金属的富集机制,比较了不同贝类对重金的富集能力.%The copper enrichment effects in four types of shellfish including Tegillarca granosa, Ruditapes philippinarum, Sinonovacula constricat canarck and Monodonta labio were studied in this paper. The study was carried out through the static test method. The shellfish was cultivated in seawater contaminated with different copper concentrations (0.015, 0.02, 0.025, 0.035, 0.065 and 0.115 mg/L, respectively). The content of Cu was analyzed in muscle tissue using atomic absorption spectrometry with microwave digestion in 0, 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 d, respectively. The results indicated that the four types of shellfish had copper enrichment effect. The concentration of copper in monoplacophora was higher than that in bivalvia. The copper content in T. granosa and M. labio exhibited significant increases while the concentration of copper in seawater was higher than 0.035 mg/L; The copper content in R. philippinarum and S. constricat canarck exhibited significant increases while the concentration of copper in seawater was higher than 0.025 mg/L. As a whole, the levels of copper in shellfish increased with the increase of that in seawater. When the concentration of copper in seawater increased to a value, the copper content in shellfish was low. The value was 0.025 mg/L for T. granosa and 0.035 mg/L for R. philippinarum, M. labio. As a whole, the levels of copper in shellfish increased with the increase of enrichment time. The levels of copper in shellfish showed significant decrease in 3-5 d and continued to increase after 5-10 d. The mechanisms of shellfish response to copper enrichment were investigated in this paper.