The Cultural Response of the Community to the March 11 Big Earthquake in Japan and an Anthropological Analysis---Focusing on The Community’s Response to Tsunami Damage-the Regional Principle of the Otuchicyo Refuge and Its Relationship with Others

摘要

The anthropological study of disas-ter originated from the West’s reflection on and dis-cussion of problems which happened after World War II. The research focused on disaster behavior during that time,that is,the instantaneousness re-action to the stress and psychological research. It was a kind of fragmented research approach which did not use a holistic view to study or understand the disaster. With the rise of the concept of“fra-gility”in 1970s,the research on disasters was not limited to independent segments,such as behavior and reaction anymore. Instead,those factors which increased or slowed down the influence of disasters received attention. The pre-disaster social back-ground,the behavioral reaction to a disaster,the recovery of the post - disaster community and so forth have been combined together to form a com-prehensive totality. However,the quantitative re-search of fragility is from a kind of etic and elite perspective,which totally ignores the positive initi-atives of the people themselves in the place where the disaster occurred. Hence,the understanding of and response to disasters in specific places require scholars to research the disasters more from the cultural concepts and life experiences of a specific place.