茄二十八星瓢虫在茄子叶片上垂直方向的附着力

摘要

Cyclone Insect Collector(CIC)has been developed to control pests in crops.Recent studies suggest that a significant number of Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata(Fabricius)remain attached to the plant after a single pass of the machine.Adhesive force of H.vigintioctopunctata to eggplant leaves was determined with an electronic scale.Objective of our study is to provide references for pneumatic control technology to be developed and used in prevention and control of agricultural insect pests in China.The results showed that the maximum adhesive force for 2nd,3rdinstar,4thinstar, female and male adult were respectively 7.3 ±0.3 mN,8.6 ±0.6 mN,12.0 ±0.3 mN,15.8 ±1.3 mN and 13.0 ±1.0 mN.The adhesive force of H.vigintioctopunctata among 2ndinstar,3rdinstar,4thinstar,female adult and male adult, order from high to low were as follow:female adult>male adult,4thinstar>3rdinstar>2ndinstar.Adhesive force/weight ratios of H.vigintioctopunctata to eggplant leaves among 2ndinstar,3rdinstar and 4thinstar, order from high to low were as follow:2ndinstar>3rdinstar>4thinstar.Whether in upper or lower eggplant leaves,the adhesive force of H.vigintioctopunctata at various life stages and angles, in the upper or lower eggplant leaves, were independent of their mass.Range of mean adhesive force/weight ratio for 2nd,3rd larvae,4thlarvae,female and male adult was 47.8-90.8.The mass of the beetle accounted for 1.1%-2.1%of adhesive force.Results further showed that the factor of the holding force of insect being far more than their weight would have to be considered to the development of the CIC.%本文采用电子天平称重法对茄二十八星瓢虫的2龄幼虫、3龄幼虫、4龄幼虫、雌成虫和雄成虫在茄子叶片上垂直方向的附着力进行测定,为进一步研发和利用气流控制技术防治农业害虫提供技术参数.研究结果表明, 2龄幼虫、3龄幼虫、4龄幼虫、雌成虫和雄成虫垂直方向的最大附着力分别为7.3 ±0.3 mN, 8.6 ±0.6 mN, 12.0 ±0.3 mN, 15.8 ±1.3 mN和13.0 ±1.0 mN.茄二十八星瓢虫垂直方向的附着力从大到小的顺序均为:雌成虫>雄成虫;4龄幼虫>3龄幼虫>2龄幼虫.幼虫的附着力/虫体体重系数由大到小的顺序为:2龄幼虫>3龄幼虫>4龄幼虫,所有处理的附着力与虫体体重的相关性均不显著.附着力/虫体重量的系数范围为47.8-90.8,身体重量占附着力1.1-2.1%.结果进一步表明,在设计旋风式气流吸虫机的频率等参数时,要考虑茄二十八星瓢虫在茄子叶片上的附着力远大于其体重的情况.