颐和园万寿山岩石物理力学试验与岩矿分析

摘要

The Summer Palace in Beijing is one of the world's cultural heritage protection units.Its Longevity Hill is located within the north portion of the Summer Palace.The Hill stands a series of cultural relics.For protection of Longevity Hill and its cultural relics,this paper investigates the characteristics of the hill and rock properties.It is based on the existed documentations of Longevity Hill's geological origin.It measures the rock occurrence and rebound strength at different exposed locations.The physical and mechanical properties include density,tensile strength,compressive strength,shear strength.They are tested in laboratory.The mineral composition and content ratio of the rock at Longevity Hill are obtained using thin-sections,rays test,and SEM tests.The results of experiments and tests can have significance and application because they are the basis for geological research and stone relic protection of Longevity Hill.%颐和园是世界文化遗产，其万寿山山体既是文物本体，也是建筑、题刻等文物和草木的载体，保护万寿山及其承载的文物，首先需要对万寿山山体的特征和岩体特性进行调查和研究。本文在查阅万寿山地质成因的基础上，测量了岩层的产状和多处裸露岩石的回弹值。对现场散落岩块进行了密度、抗拉强度、抗压强度、抗剪强度等物理力学指标测试。选取典型岩块，开展薄片、光片和电镜扫描等测试分析其矿物成分，获得了万寿山岩石矿物组成与含量比例。以上试验和测试成果是后期万寿山山体工程地质研究和石质文物保护的理论依据，具有重要的理论意义和广泛的应用价值。