基于改进遗传算法的天波超视距雷达二维阵列稀疏优化设计

摘要

In light of the fact that enormous elements exist when applying the uniform rectangular planar array to skywave Over-The-Horizon Radar (OTHR), the sparse optimization approach of the uniform 2-D arrays using an improved genetic algorithm is proposed as follows: an optimal model for the sparse rectangular planar array is established from the view of beam shaping; initial population of the genetic algorithm is identified by elevation beam on the bases of the Direction-Of-Arrival (DOA) of multi-mode propagation echoes; the fitness function is revised for the purpose of avoiding early maturing and random walk;and both crossover and mutation operators are improved in order to achieve precise control of the sparsity ratio. Simulation results indicate that the precise control of the sparsity ratio and the optimized performance are obtained by using the improved genetic algorithm. Finally, the paper analyses the feasibility of 2-D arrays application into the OTHR engineering, indicates the conditions for application and existing technical challenges, and then presents the solutions accordingly.%针对均匀矩形平面阵在2维阵天波超视距雷达(OTHR)工程应用时阵元数目庞大问题，该文提出利用改进遗传算法进行稀疏优化设计的解决办法。从波束赋形角度出发建立了稀疏矩形平面阵的布阵优化模型；以俯仰波束能分辨OTHR多模传播的波达角(DOA)为原则确定了遗传算法的初始种群；为避免遗传进化中出现早熟和随机漫游现象修正了适应度函数；为实现稀疏率精确控制改进了交叉和变异算子。仿真结果表明，该文算法不仅实现了稀疏率的精确控制，同时提高了优化性能。该文最后对2维稀疏阵列在OTHR工程应用时的可行性进行了分析，指出其应用条件和存在的技术难点，并给出了相应的解决方案。