江苏和吉林农村家庭能源消费差异及影响因素分析

摘要

通过对江苏省和吉林省农村能源消费的实地调查,分析了农村家庭能源消费的区域差异.结果表明,由于冬季取暖需求,吉林省农村人均总能源消费量高于江苏;在生物质能源方面,江苏使用秸秆居多,而森林资源丰富的吉林以秸秆和薪柴并重;在商品能源消费方面,江苏人均消费电力、成品油、液化气多于吉林,而煤炭消耗少于吉林;在新型可再生能源--沼气消费方面,江苏的推广效果好于吉林.运用经济计量模型分析了农村家庭能源消费的影响因素,结果表明:人均纯收入、人均耕地面积、人均耐用家电价值、人均摩托车及生产性固定资产价值、地区等因素是影响农村家庭人均能源消费量的重要因素;同时,政府的资金技术支持、人均纯收入、人均生猪养殖数量、农户位于粮食主产区或林区等因素对农户选择使用沼气有重要影响.%Field surveys of the rural areas of Jiangsu and Jilin for energy consumption were conducted to explore regional disparities.Results show that Jilin is much higher than Jiangsu in total energy consumption per capita because the former needs more energy for heating in winter.In the respect of bio-energy,Jiangsu uses more crop stalks/straws whereas Jilin,rich in forest resources,burns crop stalks/straws as well as firewood.In the respect of commercial energy,Jiangsu depends more on electrical power,petro-products,and gasol whereas Jilin more on coal.In the respect of renewable energy-biogas,Jiangsu achieved better results than Jilin in popularization.With the help of the econometric model,factors affecting rural household energy consumption were analyzed.Results show that factors,such as per capita net income,per capita farmland area,per capita number of durable household electrical appliances,per capita motorcycle and major productive fixed assets,and region,are the major ones affecting the rural energy consumption,meanwhile financial and technical support from the government,per capita net income,per capita head of pigs in pen,and location of the household,agricultural zone or forest region are major factors influencing the farmer households in adopting biogas or not.