基于生态风险的铅（Pb）土壤环境基准研究

摘要

Environmental criteria ( ECs) are threshold concentrations for toxic and hazardous substances in environmental media to be harmless to given receptors. ECs are the scientific basis for formulation of environmental standards. Literature research was carried out to collect data of eco⁃toxicity of lead in soil. The species sensitivity distribution ( SSD) method was adopted to perform modeling analysis of the data. Ecological risk⁃based threshold concentration for Pb in soil was fig⁃ured out to be 80�5 mg·kg-1 on the basis of protection of 95% of the species. Compared with similar soil environmental criteria of other countries and regions, the threshold concentration derived by the authors for Pb in soil is at a level moder⁃ate on the conservative side. All the findings of this study may serve as a scientific basis for formulation of soil Pb environ⁃mental standards for protection of terrestrial ecological species.%环境基准是指环境介质中的有毒有害物质对特定受体不产生不良或有害效应的临界限值。环境基准是制修订环境标准的科学依据。通过文献调研筛选获得土壤Pb的生态毒性数据，采用物种敏感性分布法对所获生态毒理数据进行建模分析。基于95％物种保护水平，外推得到基于生态风险的Pb的土壤环境基准值为80�5 mg· kg－1。与其他国家和地区类似土壤环境基准值相比，笔者研究得到的外推基准处于中等偏保守水平。研究结果可为制订保护陆生生态物种的Pb土壤环境标准值提供科学依据。