应用化学质量平衡模型解析邢台市大气PM2.5来源

摘要

为研究邢台市大气环境PM2.5污染水平和主要来源,于2014年冬、春和夏季,依托邢台市地面观测网络在6个监测点采集大气PM2.5样品,对其化学组分(无机金属元素、水溶性离子及碳成分)进行分析,结合化学质量平衡模型(CMB)计算邢台市不同排放源对PM2.5的贡献.结果显示,观测期间邢台市PM2.5主要来源包括煤烟尘(贡献率为25%)、二次无机粒子(硫酸盐和硝酸盐,45%)、机动车尾气(11%)、扬尘(9%)、土壤风沙尘(3%)、建筑尘(2%)、冶金尘(1%)和其他未识别的来源(3%).研究表明,大力加强对燃煤、扬尘和工业生产的管控,严格控制机动车尾气排放是改善邢台市空气质量的重要途径.%PM2. 5 samples were collected at 6 monitoring posts in Xingtai during the winter, spring and summer of 2014, in an attempt to analyze its pollution level of the atmosphere of the region and its major potential sources. Chemical compo-sitions ( inorganic metal elements, water-soluble ions and carbon content) of the PM2. 5 samples were analyzed. The chemi-cal mass balance model ( CMB) was used to specify sources of the PM2. 5 . Results show that the air pollution was formed mainly from coal combustion ( 25%) , secondary inorganic particles of sulfate ( 25%) and nitrate ( 20%) , vehicle exhaust ( 11%) , urban flying dust ( 9%) , aeolian soil dust ( 3%) , construction dust ( 2%) , metallurgical dust ( 1%) and dust from unknown sources ( 3%) . The study demonstrates that to intensify control of coal combustion, flying dust, industrial e-missions and vehicle exhausts is the paramount approach to the improvement of the air quality in Xingtai City.