宁东马家滩矿区天然放射性水平调查及辐射环境研究

摘要

Uranium mineralization layer and uranium-bearing rock are widely spread on the coal seam in Majiatan Mining Claim of Ningdong area.Based on the data of natural radioactivity survey,this research discusses the radioactive effect on the environment and its protective measures of mines producting both coal and uranium which are under construction or mining.The results show that there are regions which contain relatively stable tectonic activities in the study area,that provides good conditions for uranium mineralization； coal is non-radioactive,caving zone height doesn't reach uranium-bearing strata while the coal seam is being mined； after the coalseam has been mined out,the environment of uranium-bearing rock formations would turn to oxidative,which makes uranium easier to be dissolved in water； the radiation protection in mine should focus on the influence of radon and radon progeny to human being and the environment.%宁东马家滩矿区延安组煤系地层上覆直罗组砂岩中普遍存在铀矿体(化)岩层,通过对该区域铀矿成矿作用、矿化类型、煤层赋存条件的研究分析,结合天然放射性水平调查,岩芯氧化柱浸等试验,探讨了煤、铀共生矿井在建设期和营运期的辐射环境影响与辐射防护措施.研究结果显示,该区域断褶带内存在构造活动相对稳定的区段,研究区具有良好的铀成矿条件;煤不具放射性,煤层开采时局部冒落带影响高度会达到铀矿化地层;煤层开采后,导水裂隙带内含铀岩层会处于氧化环境下,使铀极易溶于水中;矿井开采时氡及氡子体对人体、环境造成的影响是辐射防护工作的重点.