论自杀的道德合理性

摘要

Suicide raises several ethical questions .And the most fundamental one is about the moral permissibility of sui-cide.It is widely believed that duties to others constitute the primary consideration that limits the permissibility of suicide .But one of the opposing view argues that the principle that suicide is a right limited by overriding duties to others does not remove the difficul -ty of knowing whether or not one ’ s suicide would be morally acceptable .While the other opposing view considers that suicide is purely personal decision which cannot be condemned on the basis of the suicide ’ s relations to others .However , no matter from al-truistic factor or from selfish reason , suicide can be morally permissible under special circumstance .%关于自杀，引起了很多伦理学上的讨论，其中最基本的是关于自杀的道德合理性问题，普遍认为个体对他人的义务是限制自杀合理性的主要因素。其中一种反对观点认为，将自杀看作一种权利的观点并没有很好地解决自杀的道德许可性问题；另一种反对观点则认为自杀是一个纯粹的私人问题，所以对他人的义务不能成为限制自杀的理由。然而，无论从利他因素考虑还是从利己因素考虑，在特定条件下自杀是可以被允许的，自杀的合理性可以得到辩护。