圆柱基础扰流环冲刷防护实验研究

摘要

Horseshoe vortex plays an important role in the problem of local scour around the foundation of a pile .A controlling ring is attached to the lower part of a circular pile to weaken the horseshoe vortex so as to reduce the local scour around the pile .The effects of the controlling ring are investigated through laboratory experiments .Uniform flow is used in experiments and the controlling ring′s vertical positions are varied to adjust its distance from the sea bed .The experimental data show that the controlling ring can weaken the horseshoe vortex ,and reduce the seabed material removal up to 40% .This scour protection measure is simple and practicable ,and is adaptable to uncertain flow direction ,and can provide valid reference for scour protection of pile foundation .%马蹄涡对圆柱基础局部冲刷有重要影响。通过模型实验，研究了利用扰流环影响马蹄涡的发展，从而减弱局部冲刷的效果。实验中，扰流环安放在圆柱底部距离沙面不同位置处。实测数据结果表明：在均匀来流作用下，扰流环能不同程度地抑制马蹄涡，减小立柱基础的局部冲刷，效果最佳时泥沙冲刷量能减小40％。这种新的冲刷防护措施简单、实用、适应性强，为桩柱基础的冲刷防护提供了有用的参考依据。